Most cases of low back pain trace back to mechanical issues: overused or strained muscles, irritated facet joints, degenerative discs, or nerve roots compressed by a herniated disc or bone spur. Heavy lifting, prolonged sitting, repetitive bending, weight gain and aging-related disc wear are frequent contributors.
Other causes include lumbar arthritis, spinal stenosis, sciatica, sacroiliac joint dysfunction and post-injury inflammation. Some patients also experience referred pain from the hips or pelvis. Identifying the true source matters because the treatment for muscle strain is very different from the treatment for a pinched nerve or facet arthritis.
